Database Change Management with Risk-Adjusted Approval Flow

Bytebase provides a basic yet configurable rollout mechanism by default. This means that manual rollout is skipped for Test environments and required for Prod environments.

However, for more complicated enterprise-level cases, users may need different approval flows to handle database changes according to different potential risks. For example, DDL in Prod environments is considered high risk, while DML in Test environments is low risk. Additionally, users may need to involve roles other than DBA/Developer/Project Leader, such as Testers.

This tutorial will walk you through how to create custom approval flows based on self-defined risk rules and how to add new roles to be involved.

Feature included

• Custom approval flow
• Risk center
• Custom roles

Prerequisites

• Have Docker installed.

Step 1 Prepare the databases and users

1. While the docker is running, run this following command to start a Bytebase instance. Here we name it bytebase-af and use ~/.bytebase/data-af folder to store the meta data.

docker run --init \
  --name bytebase-af \
  --restart always \
  --publish 5678:8080 \
  --health-cmd "curl --fail http://localhost:5678/healthz || exit 1" \
  --health-interval 5m \
  --health-timeout 60s \
  --volume ~/.bytebase/data-af:/var/opt/bytebase \
  bytebase/bytebase:2.8.0 \
  --data /var/opt/bytebase \
  --port 8080

2. Start two MySQL instances by running these two commands:

• mysqld-test , 3307
• mysqld-prod , 3308

docker run --name mysqld-test \
  --publish 3307:3306 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=172.17.0.1 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=testpwd1 \
  mysql/mysql-server:8.0

docker run --name mysqld-prod\
  --publish 3308:3306 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=172.17.0.1 \
  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=testpwd1 \
  mysql/mysql-server:8.0

3. Open localhost:5678 in a browser, register as an admin and you will be granted as Workspace Owner role. Click the avatar on the right top, and click Settings. You'll see you have the role Owner . Click Start free trial on the left bottom to upgrade to Enterprise Plan.
4. Click Workspace > Members on the left bar. Add one dba@x.com as DBA, and one dev@x.com as Developer. You need click them and give the default password 12345.

5. Click Instances on the top bar and then click Add instance, choose MySQL . Here you need to add two instances:

   • Instance Name: MySQL Test / MySQL Prod
   • Environment: Test / Prod
   • Host or Socket: host.docker.internal
   • Port: 3307 / 3308
   • Username: root
   • Password: testpwd1

6. Click Projects on the top bar and then click New Project. Name it Demo AF , Key DAP and click Create.

7. Go into the project Demo AF , and click New DB. Fill in with New database name: test_db / Environment: Test / Instance: MySQL Test and click Create. It'll create an issue, by default, there isn't any approval flow and since it's for Test environment, it will rollout automatically.

8. Click New DB again. Fill in with New database name: test_db / Environment: Prod / Instance: MySQL Prod and click Create. It'll create an issue, by default there is no approval flow and since it's for Prod environment, you will need to click Rollout.

9. Go back to the project, click Databases. You'll see there're two databases.

Step 2 Run schema change without custom approval flow

1. Logout and login as Developer. Go into the project Demo AF , click Alter Schema, select both databases, and click Next.

2. Click Raw SQL, paste the following SQL and click Preview issue.

CREATE TABLE `t1` (
  `id` INT COMMENT 'ID' NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

3. It'll redirect to the issue page. Click Apply to other tasks, and click Create. By default, there isn't any approval flow and since it's for Test environment, it will rollout automatically. But for Prod environment, you will need to wait for the Assignee Owner to rollout. You can click Environments to see the difference for default configuration.

4. Logout and login as Owner. Go into the project Demo AF , find the issue and click Rollout. You can click the View change to see the difference.

Step 3 Configure a custom approval flow and run a schema change

1. Click Settings on the top bar, and then click Security & Policy > Custom Approval. Choose Project Owner → DBA for DDL > High Risk instead of Skip manual approval .

2. Click the related risk rules or Security & Policy > Risk Center. Click Add rule and then click Load on the first row in Templates section. This rule is assigning High risk to all DDL on Prod environment, which will map the corresponding issue to pick the approval flow we just defined under Custom Approval. Click Add.

3. Logout and login as Developer. Go into the project Demo AF , click Alter Schema, select both databases, and click Next.

4. Click Raw SQL, paste the following snippet and click Preview issue.

ALTER TABLE `t1` ADD COLUMN (`age` INT NOT NULL);

5. It'll redirect to the issue page. Click Apply to other tasks, and click Create. This time, you can see there is an approval flow which follows Project Owner → DBA . Here comes a question: "But it's not on the Prod environment!" The answer is, since we only do approval flow once, when there is a pipeline, we always take the highest risk one.

6. Logout and login as Owner. Find the issue and click Approve.

7. Logout and login as DBA. Find the issue and click Approve. Since Test environment will skip manual rollout, after the approval flow, the SQL will execute automatically. It's time for Owner or DBA to click Rollout to execute it on Prod environment.

8. After the rollout, this issue is Done.

Step 4 Add custom roles and build your own approval flow

What if there is other roles in the team, for example, a Tester . Bytebase has another feature called Custom Roles.

1. Login as Owner. Click Settings on the top bar, and then click Workspace > Custom Roles. Click Add role and fill in with Tester and custom tester .

2. Click Settings on the top bar, and then click Security & Policy > Custom Approval. Click Approval flows, and then click Create.

3. Fill in the form like this, and click Create.

4. Choose the approval flow Tester->Project Owner->DBA .

5. Go to Settings > Workspace > Members, add tester@x.com as a new Developer. Go to project Demo AF , choose role Tester .

6. Logout and login as Developer. Go into the project Demo AF , click Alter Schema, select both databases, and click Next.

7. Click Raw SQL, paste the following snippet and click Preview issue. You'll see the approval flow.

Summary

Now you have tried database change with risk-adjusted custom approval flow, and also create your own custom roles as well. Bytebase provides more enterprise-level features regarding data security and data access control. If you're interested in that, read this article as well How to Configure Database Access Control and Data Masking for Developer.